ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of food hand measurement exchange on patients with type 2 diabetes in communities. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to divide the community into five groups according to the geographical location. Forty patients were randomly selected from each group and randomly divided into intervention group and control group. The control group was administered according to the requirements of the management of diabetes mellitus in the national basic public health service project. The intervention group conducted the dietary instruction for 12 months on the basis of the management of the national basic public health service project. Two groups were investigated before and after the intervention,and physical examination were conducted and biochemical indicators were detected. Results Before and after the intervention,there was no significant difference between the two groups in behavior and physical examination (P>0.05) . In the intervention group, the proportion of drug treatment decreased from 96.00% to 92.00% after 12 months of intervention. The proportion of people controlling diet increased from 90% to 99%, and the proportion of control weight increased from 75.00% to 91.00% . The proportion of patients who were monitored blood sugar was from 71% to 98%.Compared with the control group, the behavioral habits of the intervention group in drug use, diet control, weight control and blood glucose monitoring were higher than those in the control group(Wald x2=10.644, 4.324, 5.957, 12.229, P<0.05) . In the intervention group, the compliance rate of blood pressure and HDLC compliance rate increased from 16.00% and 56.00% to 64.00% and 76.00% respectively after 12 months intervention. Compared with the control group, the increase of blood pressure, FPG and HDL-C in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group(Wald x2=16.642, 10.128, 6.457, P<0.05) . Conclusion Food hand measurement exchange method on patients with type 2 diabetes in communities was a simple calorie intake measurement tool,and could greatly improve the patient's control diet compliance, and could promote drug treatment and monitor of blood sugar and other behavior improvement, thus ultimately improve the blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipids.
ABSTRACT
Objective To learn the current status of HIV periodic testing and its influencing factors among MSM in Ningbo,and to provide evidence for the intervention.Methods Men who had oral sex and anal sex with men 1 2 months before the survey were recruited by respondent driven sampling (RDS)method,and questionnaire investigation and HIV, syphilis testing were conducted.Characteristics of sexual behavior,history of HIV testing,detection and treatment will of MSMwere analyzed.Results A total of 1 26 MSM were recruited and 84.1 3% were willing to undergo periodic testing. Totally 70.02% of them were tested previously,and 89.1 3% were detected by voluntary counseling and testing,and 46.03% could participate periodic testing.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR =2.62,95%CI:1 .06 -6.51 ),have received professional personnel,propaganda and intervention (OR =0.08,95%CI:0.02 -0.25), understanding of AIDS antiviral therapy (OR =0.25,95%CI:0.09 -0.67)were the influencing factors for the periodic testing among MSM.Conclusion The rate of MSM who followed periodic testing is low,but the demand for periodic testing of them is high.AIDS prevention and behavioral intervention among MSM should be strengthened,especially for teenager,to expand the detection coverage and to promote periodic testing.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the risk factors of acute sporadic hepatitis E virus (HEV) cases and to analyze its partial sequence in some districts of Shanghai.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>30 blood samples were collected from the acute sporadic HEV cases in 2003-2004 and the RT-nPCR method was applied to obtain the sequence of HEV in these cases. Meanwhile, a 1:2 case-control study was used to identify risk factors in the process of sporadic HEV infection in these regions of Shanghai.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Data from the sequential analysis showed that HEV of the sporadic cases belonged to HEV genotype IV. Finding from the case-control study implicated that the housing condition, outside eating history, especially seafoods (OR = 7.048) played an important role in the infection of HEV. Results from multiple logistic regression showed that eating raw seafoods appeared to be one of the risk factors of HEV infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HEV sequences isolated from the sporadic cases of HEV in some districts of Shanghai belonged to HEV genotype IV. Foods, especially seafood, were the risk factors in the infection of HEV.</p>